ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴳⵓⵔⵜ Tiɣist tasmgurt Artificial intelligence
Tiɣist tasmgurt (AI) tga tiɣist n imacinn (Machines) nɣ isɣẓann (Software), g unmgal n tiɣist n ufgan nɣ imudar. Tga awd igr n tzrawt g tsnslkimt (Computer science) nna isnflayn d izrrun imacinn iɣisn. 'AI' da tettaɣul awd ɣf imacinn s iɣfawn nnsn.
ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴳⵎⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵛⵉⵏⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵉⵙⵖⵥⴰⵏⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ. ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵙⵍⴽⵉⵎⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵔⵓⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵛⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵖⵉⵙⵏ. ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴳⵎⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵎⴰⵛⵉⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.
Tasntwilt n AI tettusmras bahra g tmguri, tanbaḍt d tussna. Kra sg isnasn nns mqqurn gan: insmassuten n urzzu n uwib innrnin (amm Arzzu n Google), ingrawen n usuter (recommendation systems) (amm Youtube, Amazon, d Netflix), armas n wawal n ufgan (amm Siri d Alexa), tihiritin tindhmanin (self-driving) (amm Waymo), imassn imssiriwn d imsnfluln (Generative and creative) (amm ChatGPT d AI art), d umzizwr g uswir yattuyn g tsurarin tistratijiyin (amm chess d Go).
Tettusrsl tiɣist tasmgurt amm ungraw akadimi g usggʷas n 1956. Izri yigr ad g mnnawt tsutal n ussrzɣ (optimism) d gan annaz d uzllu n usiẓṛf (funding), maca ḍart n usggʷas 2012, lli g irzi ulmmud inɣbi (deep learning) tistwilin akkʷ n tɣist tasmgurt izrin, innrna usuẓṛf d unnzgm (interest).
Da ssutuln idugran (sub-fields) imzarayn n urzzu n tɣist tasmgurt i mnnaw isaɣdn d usmrs n tugtt n imassn. Uman isaɣdn inmyurn n urzzu n AI asɣẓen (reasoning), tagnsest n tmssna (knowledge representation), asɣiws (planning), almmud, asmkl n tutlayt tagamant (NLP), turnant (perception), d usnal n tsnṛubut (Robotics). Tiɣist tamatayt (tazmert n ufssay n kra n umukris agacuran (arbitrary)) tga sg isaɣdn n yigr ad g tizi iɣzzifn. Afad ad fsin imukrisn ad, imrza n AI ssrwsn d ssidfn tagrumma imirwn n tstwilin (techniques) n ufssay n imukrisn, sgisnt arzzu d usfalki (optimization) asnaktan, tamẓla talɣant (formal logic), tiratsiwin tizlmanin (neural networks) tismgurin, d tarrayin iskuttin ɣf tsnaddadt (statistics), arzzu n tmhlin, d tdmsa. Innal AI awd ɣf tsnimant (psychology) d tsnilst (linguistics) d tflsuft d tsnzllumt (neuroscience) d tugtt n igran yaḍnin.
- ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵙⴷⴷⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴳⵓⵔⵜ Tasmsddut n tɣist tasmgurt Mechanism of artificial intelligence:
• Asgru d usmkl n isfka (Data collection and preprocessing)
• Tasflst n tussfa d ufran (Feature extraction and selection)
• Asluɣmu n txawarizmit (Algorithm training)
• Aktazal d usnum n uzurt (Model evaluation and fine-tuning)
• Afsar n uzurt d ulmmud izdin (Deployment and continuous learning)
- ⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴳⵓⵔⵜ Anawn n tɣist tasmgurt Types of artificial intelligence:
• Tiɣist tasmgurt ikṛṛuẓn (Artificial Narrow Intelligence)
• Tiɣist tasmgurt tamatayt (Artificial General Intelligence)
• Tabrɣist tasmgurt (Artificial Superintelligence)
- ⵜⵓⵎⵏⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴳⵓⵔⵜ Tumnigin d tuzdirin n tɣist tasmgurt Positives and negatives of artificial intelligence:
• Tumnigin: Da takka tɣist tasmgurt tizmmar tisazlalin (incredible) n usfalki n tṛwi (efficiency) d usnrni n ufars. Yallfus as ad tsmkl tismktiwin (quantities) tibararin (vast) n isfka s tmmri imqquren d uslaḍ nnsn s unɣad (precision). Tẓḍaṛ awd ad tettlmad sg isfka ilmma tsfalki amlazmar (performance) n tɣlifin (tasks) ittyalasn. Da tettaws g uskkir n tɣtasin (decisions) inɣdan (accurate) d tlla kudnna tt trid.
• Tuzdirin: Mqqar ancet n tumnigin nna illan dar tiɣist taragmawit, ɣur-s mennawt tuzdirin. Yallfus ad tesreg g wufuḍ n tugt n twuriwin tnefganin. Gi-s awed imukrisen g tinnutla (privacy) s usrag n usegru d uslaḍ n isefka udmawanen.
- ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴳⵓⵔⵜ Isnasn n tɣist tasmgurt Applications of artificial intelligence:
• Asmkl adusan (Healthcare)
• Timssudutin tisimanin (Autonomous vehicles)
• Asmkl n tutlayt tagamant (Natural language processing)
• Tasnṛubut (Robotics)
• Tinafutin tiẓṛfanin (Financial services)
• Tastagt talikṭṛunit (E-commerce)
• Akaz n wawal d tugniwin (Image and speech recognition)
• Imawasn urdann (Virtual assistants)
• Allaln iɣisn n tgmmi (Smart home devices)
• Urar (Gaming)
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